What's the climate of Machu Picchu & what to expect in each season?

The rainy season in Machu Picchu goes from November to March, being the period that records the largest amount of annual rainfall. February is the rainiest month, which is why the Classic Inca Trail closes for maintenance. Daytime temperatures remain warm, ranging between 19°C and 21°C. Unlike the dry season, the nights are milder, since the cloudiness helps to hold the heat. This abundance of rain dresses the Inca city in a deep green.

Rains usually appear in intermittent showers that can last from a few minutes to a couple of hours, and generally happen in the afternoon. However, the main risk during this season is the increase in dense fog that can block visibility in the early morning hours, which harms the panoramic views. Furthermore, the stone stairs and paths become slippery, which demands extra caution.

Logistics and Ascent Tips

• Tip for Mountains: If you want to climb the optional mountains (Huayna Picchu or Machu Picchu Mountain), it is recommended to choose the later entry times (starting at 9:00 a.m.). The fog usually goes away as the morning goes on, significantly improving the possibility of getting clear views from the summit.
  
  
• Essential Gear: It is essential to pack waterproof clothing (jacket and poncho) and trekking footwear with good grip soles. Despite the rain, the sun radiation in the jungle brow is extremely strong, so sun protection (cap and cream) is equally mandatory.

The Dry Season in Machu Picchu goes from April to October, and it is the most stable period with the lowest chance of rain, making it the most popular for travelers. The days are consistently sunny, with clear skies, which causes a sharp variation in daytime temperature. The average maximum temperatures range between 17°C and 19°C, which allows for a pleasant hike under the sun.

However, this climate stability brings with it the challenge of freezing nights. Due to the lack of cloudiness, the minimum temperatures drop drastically, frequently falling below 0°C (32°F) in the central months of June and July. This is also the high tourism season period, so the flow of visitors is maximum, and booking planning is essential.

Practical Tips and Essential Gear

• Ideal Time (Compromise): The transition months like May, September, and October are the best option, as they offer the stability of the dry climate with fewer visitors than in the June-August peak.
  
  
• Extreme Sun Protection: The most critical factor during the day. The UV radiation at altitude is very high. It is mandatory to include high-factor sunscreen, sunglasses, and a wide-brimmed hat.
  
  
• Warm Clothing (Layering System): It is crucial to bring thermal clothing and thick coats for the mornings and freezing nights. The layering system (base layer, fleece, and windbreaker jacket) is recommended to adapt to the temperature swing.
  
  
• Hydration and Repellent: The dry climate and altitude dehydrate quickly, so plenty of water should be consumed. Despite being the dry season, the humidity of the cloud forest means that insect repellent is also a necessity.

The Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu remains open throughout the year, which allows visitors in any season. However, weather conditions vary notably month by month. The key to understanding the climate is the duality of the dry season (April to October) and the rainy season (November to March). Daytime temperatures remain constant and mild throughout the 12 months.

The most significant variation occurs in precipitation and in nighttime lows. June and July are the coldest and driest months, offering the best views but the coldest nights. On the other hand, January and February register the highest amount of rain, with the latter being the month with the highest precipitation, which is why the Inca Trail closes annually.

So, here is the climate of Machupicchu by month: